Can This Prove Christianity? (Fulfilled Prophecy)
https://youtu.be/go61ptUik78
Brown: Evangelical Messianic Jewish Christian Zionist and ex-Calvinist. Leading expert on apologetics aimed at Judaism. Continuationist & Charismatic.
Gregg: Anti-Calvinist [Semi-Pelagian?] Partial Preterist Amillennialist. Continuationist & Charismatic.
I recommend watching the FIRST debate if only watching one. It's foundational. Some of the arguments and conclusions Brown make some sense to me. Though, I don't all the way with him and his position.
Debate 1 Is Israel Today the Fulfillment of Prophecy
https://youtu.be/HFFjd66EpbI
Debate 1 CONTINUED
https://youtu.be/P5aYe-qqnDY
Debate 2 Who is Israel in Romans 9-11?
https://youtu.be/1WooUVrdRB4
Debate 3 Israel and the Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy [with audience Q&A]
https://youtu.be/nqoZsKyukjY
As a partial preterist [and idealist] postmillennialist I decided to ask Meta AI [artificial intelligence] some [4] eschatological questions. I was pleasantly surprised with the answers.
Was Jesus A Failed Apocalyptic Prophet?
https://youtu.be/OnNJXMkwx4w
See also my blogpost: Did the New Testament's Prophecies and Predictions Regarding Jesus' Soon Return Fail?
The Treasury of Isaiah 53 — A Witness to Israel’s Messiah by Jonathan McLatchie
https://jonathanmclatchie.com/the-treasury-of-isaiah-53-a-witness-to-israels-messiah/
Below is a video sermon by McLatchie where he summarizes some of the arguments in the more exhaustive article above:
In the video below Bram Rawlings discusses the objection that Jesus made predictions about His return that failed to come to pass. Bram gives thanks to Jason Engwer for helping him refine his response. Here's Engwer's blog where he comments on the video, HERE.
My blog on the topic is here: Did the New Testament's Prophecies and Predictions Regarding Jesus' Soon Return Fail?
Was Jesus a false prophet?
https://youtu.be/uM9Ml9NSAzo
Who is the Suffering Servant of Isaiah 53? Dr. Brown Responds to Rabbi Singer
https://youtu.be/ZkGv0AEUFF4
I recently interacted again with an old time debate partner I used to dialogue with in the early 2000s. The last time we regularly chatted on Internet Chat Relay was probably in the early 2010s. Yesterday on Facebook, he briefly posted what he thinks is his strongest argument against Christianity. The following blog will presuppose a knowledge of the basics of partial preterism which I won't bother explaining to casual readers of this blog. For example, the assumption that in addition to Jesus' final return at the end of the world in what is popularly called His "Second Coming", Jesus also "Came" in judgment in a lesser sense in the 1st century in the destruction of Jerusalem through the means of the Romans.
Obviously in his brief summary comment Floyd Fp couldn't explicate all of the reasons why he thinks that this issue is the basis for his strongest argument. So, I invite others to visit his YouTube channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC31HOdg-B5X1T7hB_aFGP1A
Floyd Fp wrote on Facebook:
My strongest argument against Christianity is the failed prediction of Jesus and the New Testament writers that Jesus would return in the lifetime of the New Testament writers. I have a formal debate on my YouTube channel where I present this.
Now, just don't handwave it away by invoking "partial preterism". You need to show how each verse that describes Jesus returning "soon" in the lifetime of the NT writers is SPECIFICALLY about the fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE and not about his return.
Here are just a few of verses you must address...
1 John 2:18 “Children, it is the last hour; and as you have heard that antichrist is coming, so now many antichrists have come; therefore we know that it is the last hour. “
1 John 4:3 “and every spirit which does not confess Jesus is not of God. This is the spirit of antichrist, of which you heard that it was coming, and now it is in the world already.”
James 5:8-9 You also be patient. Establish your hearts, for the coming of the Lord is at hand. Do not grumble, brethren, against one another, that you may not be judged; behold, the Judge is standing at the doors.
Revelation 1:3 Blessed is he who reads aloud the words of the prophecy, and blessed are those who hear, and who keep what is written therein; for the time is near.
Revelation 22:6-7, 10, 20 And he said to me, "These words are trustworthy and true. And the Lord, the God of the spirits of the prophets, has sent his angel to show his servants what must soon take place. And behold, I am coming soon."... And he said to me, "Do not seal up the words of the prophecy of this book, for the time is near. ... "Behold, I am coming soon, bringing my recompense, to repay every one for what he has done. ... He who testifies to these things says, "Surely I am coming soon." Amen. Come, Lord Jesus!
Here's my response:
I could approach this in various ways, but my time constraints are forcing me to take it in the following direction. I'll sometimes use PP for partial preterist/preterism.
1. First off, it should be recognized by all who know the Bible that predictions of "comings of Yahweh" and of "Day of the LORD/Yahweh" in judgment are common in the OT and were [allegedly] fulfilled multiple times on various Gentile nations at different times and locations. Even using the exact same & similar cosmic figures of speech of stars falling, and other astronomical perturbations, et cetera. For example, the past destruction of Babylon in Isa. 13; or of the capital of Edom, Bozrah in Isa. 34. Whether such OT comings actually happened doesn't matter for our purposes. That they were predicted to happen and that the OT claims that they were fulfilled in the past is all we need right now. Given that literary fact regarding the OT, it should not at all be unexpected [or shouldn't be to anyone who knows the OT] that Jesus would come multiple times if He were Yahweh incarnate [I argue that very thing in many of my articles on my Blog dedicated to the Trinity, TrinityNotes.blogspot.com].
In which case, it shouldn't be strange to think that Jesus could come in judgment on Jerusalem in the 1st century, and then later at the end of history to judge the World. Or that the former is a type or emblematic of the latter, just as the literal destruction of Babylon in Isa. 13 is a type of the destruction of mystical Babylon in Revelation. If Kim Riddlebarger's Amillennial interpretation of Revelation is true, then Revelation should be interpreted in both a partial preterist way, and in a fuller secondary sense. He think's there's some truth to PP, but that it's not the whole picture/story. Because I'm more familiar with Gentry's defense of PP I tend to side with it than with Riddlebarger's Amillennial understanding. But maybe Riddlebarger is more correct. See his mp3s on the topic here:
https://www.monergism.com/legacy/mt/mp3/amillennialism-101-mp3-series-kim-riddlebarger
http://christreformedinfo.squarespace.com/mp3s-and-real-audio-of-academy/
http://kimriddlebarger.squarespace.com/reformed-amillennialism/
2. Another problem I see is you're interpreting the prophecies as an unbeliever as if they were straight mathematically logical prose. Like a puzzle we're ALL supposed to be able to easily solve. When, in fact, they were originally given to believers to give them hope and foster perseverance etc. Not to unbelievers who are looking for proof of the divine origin of the Jewish/Christian God and Scriptures. Though, that's not to say that the destruction of Jerusalem isn't a fulfilled prophecy that to some degree (more or less) attests to the divine source of the Bible. See for example the now public domain 19th century book "The Destruction of Jerusalem: An Absolute and Irresistible Proof of the Divine Origin of Christianity" by George Peter Holford
here: https://archive.org/details/destructionofjer00holf
OR here: https://www.bible.ca/pre-destruction70AD-george-holford-1805AD.htm.
3. This issue is a hermeneutical one regarding NT prophecies, propositional & didactic teachings. One of the most common objections to Christianity is that it takes OT passages and prophecies out of context and forces/squeezes them to fit the NT context of Jesus and the early church. I think much of this can be easily explained by the NT use of the Jewish hermeneutics that were in practice even before the time of Christ, and would later be called Pardes/PaRDeS.
See for example: How the New Testament Quotes the Old Testament by Messianic Jew Arnold Fruchtenbaum
http://arielb.org/archives/794
Fruchtenbaum elaborates on this explanation in lecture #4 at 26 minutes and 45 seconds in his [freely available] lecture series:
Jewish Life of the Messiah
https://www.deanbibleministries.org/bible-class-listing/messages/series/the-jewish-life-of-christ
Pardes (Jewish exegesis) [wikipedia article]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pardes_(Jewish_exegesis)
I bring this up because if skeptical unbelievers can claim that the NT twists OT passages and prophecies in a way that's non-literal, then aren't they being inconsistent in requiring the NT's teachings and prophecies to be fulfilled literally? Whether legitimately literal and/or woodenly literal. It seems convenient that they want the NT to be literal when it would support their rejection of the Bible, even though consistency would imply that the NT teachers and hearers could/would generally understand that teachings and prophecies regarding the return of Jesus could be less than literal, or be veiled, or have multiple meaning and fulfillments GIVEN THAT THAT'S HOW THEY ALLEGEDLY INTERPRET THE OT. If the NT church could sometimes interpret the OT in non-literal ways, why assume it's illegitimate or inconsistent for them to do the same thing when interpreting Jesus' teaching and prophecies and those of the apostles?
4. You are also assuming that the early Christians fully understood Jesus' teaching and prophecies. They didn't even fully understand or know that Jesus would be crucified, or would rise from the dead, or that the Gospel was meant to go the Gentiles, or that He was claiming to be the Messiah and fully God until much later on (!!!). They had to grow in their understanding both before and after Jesus' crucifixion.
Yet, you assume they perfectly understood Jesus' teaching regarding His Coming(s). When Jewish apocalyptic literature and pronouncements are CHARACTERISTICALLY and intentionally cryptic. Whether the prophecies of Daniel, or Isaiah, or even intertestamental and 2nd Temple literature. The descriptions of Jesus in the Gospels clearly have Him mimicking the style and language of OT prophets in their use of figurative and climatic language.
Yet, you [Floyd Fp] hinge your "strongest argument" against Christianity on these portions of the Bible? That's so ridiculous that I don't know whether to laugh or cry at that. We're supposed to believe that unbelievers like yourself, separated from the original context by nearly 2000 years, know better how to interpret cryptic passages which even believers admit, at the very least, didn't exhaustively explain what they meant or how they were to be exactly fulfilled? Paul himself said, "For we know in part and we prophesy in part...For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I have been fully known" (1 Cor. 13:9, 12). Even if one think's 2 Peter is a forgery, it's an early Christian document which testifies to the fact that Christians understood that the teachings of the Apostles aren't always clear. The writer says:
2 Pet 3:15 And count the patience of our Lord as salvation, just as our beloved brother Paul also wrote to you according to the wisdom given him,
16 as he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters. THERE ARE SOME THINGS IN THEM THAT ARE HARD TO UNDERSTAND, WHICH THE IGNORANT AND UNSTABLE TWIST TO THEIR OWN DESTRUCTION, AS THEY DO THE OTHER SCRIPTURES.
Christianity doesn't hinge on the early church's infallible and exhaustive understanding of all doctrines, including [a fortiori] all prophecies and their fulfillments. There's room for them to have had some uncertainty. Paul admitting he prophesied in part leads me to the next point.
5. The NT authors were hopeful that the return of Jesus would be in their lifetimes, but they never stated dogmatically that Jesus' final eschatological Coming at the end of (ordinary) World History actually would be in their lifetimes or generation. That the NT authors expressed their hope it would be, is not the same thing as them stating dogmatically by Divine inspiration that it actually would. The Apostles humbly deferred and submitted to the authoritative OT Scriptures more than to their own teachings. Yes, they could pull rank, and could provide inspired Revelation, but only in so far as they were in keeping with the established and prioritized OT Scriptures [e.g. Acts 17:11]. Paul's statement "we prophesy in part" would mean that even HIS OWN prophecies were imperfect in the sense of being incomplete. If that was the case when he believed he was being divinely inspired when speaking a prophetic word, HOW MUCH MORE would he think that was the case when he was writing didactic occasional letters He didn't consciously think were all inspired? [Though, I believe those that made it into the canon actually were without his necessarily knowing it, and that's why they are now included in the canon]
It's not like the Apostles thought (within themselves) and taught (others) that every word they ever verbally spoke, as well as every word of every letter they ever wrote was inspired and infallible Revelation. Some of them may not have even considered their writings would eventually be included into a NT canon, because they hoped [maybe even personally expected as a private fallible opinion] that Jesus would return so soon that a NT canon wouldn't even be necessary.
// You need to show how each verse that describes Jesus returning "soon" in the lifetime of the NT writers is SPECIFICALLY about the fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE and not about his return.//
I believe that the early Christians believed Jesus would return in some sense in their generation as per His promise/prediction. But it's not clear that they adamantly believed that His final eschatological return would be in their lifetimes. Remember, they knew of many OT comings of Yahweh that were NOT eschatological. So, they would [or at least "ought to"] be prepared if Jesus' coming weren't the final one or the one they were hoping for. The NT authors and believers admitted their limited knowledge [cf. 1 Cor. 13:9, 12; 1 John 3:2; Phil. 3:15-16; 1 Cor. 2:9-10 [and no, v. 10 doesn't contradict my citation of v.9]]. Given that fact, the original readers [as well as us now] ought to understand that the writers sometimes blurred the lines between 1. their expectation/hope and 2. emphatic statements about Christ's final return. But never did they dogmatically state Jesus would bodily return in their lifetime to end ordinary world history. Passages like Luke 19:11 and John 21:21-25 show that early Christians understood that Christ's return wasn't a clear-cut doctrinal teaching. That there were ambiguities about it. Though, you'd probably dismiss them as late ad hoc rationalizations because of the Parousia's delay. But I'll quote Luke 19:11 anyway.
Luke 19:11 As they heard these things, he proceeded to tell a parable, because he was near to Jerusalem, and because they SUPPOSED that the kingdom of God was to appear immediately.
Mark 13:32 "But concerning that day or that hour, no one knows, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.
Critics often interpret Mark 13:32 as teaching Jesus literally (in some sense) didn't know when His return was. This saying passes the historical criteria of authenticity called the criterion of embarrassment. That's why most scholars think it's a genuine Jesus tradition. Because it would be unlikely that Christians would invent a Jesus saying that was embarrassing to Him. Namely, that He didn't know the day or hour of His return. If that verse is interpreted in that common way, then even Jesus didn't know when He would return. In which case, how can one say that Jesus falsely predicted His return would be in their lifetime? At most one could argue that the prediction that He would return in their lifetime was PUT INTO the mouth of Jesus by the writers of the Gospels. Yet, most skeptics think the Gospels were written after 70 AD, when prophecies of the destruction of Jerusalem were added as postdictions [vaticinium ex eventu] rather than predictions. In which case, DID they or DIDN'T they think Jesus' final eschatological return would coincide with the destruction of Jerusalem? Or soon after it? If they were to coincide, why didn't it happen at the same time and why did they include in their Gospels prophecies that would suggest they would coincide, when in fact they didn't coincide? Why did they include failed prophecies in their Gospels? If they expected His return soon after 70 AD, how soon? If it was really soon, there wouldn't have been the need to write their lengthy Gospels anyway since [in their minds] few would have the opportunity to read it or have it read to them before Jesus returned. Or maybe the historical Jesus flip flopped on claiming to know the day and hour. But then why record Jesus giving contradictory statements about His knowing or not knowing the day and hour of His return? If they were unscrupulous, they would have erased evidence of His seemingly contradictory statements. Again, if the prophecies and promises of Jesus about the timing of His coming are as clear and easy to interpret as you [Floyd Fp] and other critics claim then why would the Gospel writers record them after 70 AD [when critics think all of the Gospels were written] when they would have obviously failed [since they are supposedly clear and easy to interpret]? On the other hand, if Jesus' predictions aren't absolutely clear such that the Gospel writers couldn't immediately see that they were possibly failed prophecies, then that leaves room for a later fuller fulfillment as in versions of partial preterism. So, critics seem to have various dilemmas on their hands. Another possibility that makes sense of the data is that Jesus' cryptic predictions intentionally conflated both a near and a distant return. Dual fulfillments and types are found throughout the Bible.
It's likely that rabbis at the time, including Jesus Himself, knew that Antiochus IV Epiphanes already fulfilled the Danielic prophecy of the abomination of desolation. Remember, secular and ATHEIST scholars think that that Danielic prophecy was actually a vaticinium ex eventu [that is, a POSTdiction, not prediction] intended to be recognized as being fulfilled in Antiochus Epiphanes [or "Epimanes" ("The Insane One")] . YET Jesus was willing to use the same passage to refer to a FUTURE secondary fulfillment of the prophecy. If Jesus used dual fulfillment in that passage, why couldn't He have used dual fulfillment [or the Holy Spirit have inspired Jesus to, if you want to say that Jesus' human mind wasn't omniscient] regarding His own Coming [i.e. a near fulfillment and a distant fulfillment]? According to Jewish rabbinic sources, the destruction of both the first and second Jewish temples occurred on the same date, the 9th of Av. If God could orchestrate that in His all controlling providence, then that also aligns with repetitions and recapitulations that would also align with dual fulfillments or multiple fulfillments [i.e. two or more]. The Bible has a lot of this type of doublings and doublets. So much so that atheists point to them as alleged proof of poor redaction of the Biblical books. But from a believing point of view that believes God is a God of providence, then that could be a feature of God's providential planning to repeat history for His various reasons. For example, 1. to reiterate a lesson; 2. to expose how humans don't learn lessons well and/or are prone to repeat the same sins and mistakes; 3. to trip up skeptics and those hostile to God's truth; et cetera. God is not above the use of deception and distraction as part of the judicial hardening of sinners so long as it doesn't involve propositional lying on His part [vide Job 12:16; 2 Thes. 2:11; 1 Ki 22 parallel of 2 Chron. 18; etc.]. See these quote by Blaise Pascal HERE. Parallels actually happen in history. See for example this VERY INTERESTING ONE already cued up in this video by Mike Licona HERE.
BTW, as a Trinitarian I believe Jesus was/is omniscient in His divine nature and divine mind, and I'm open to multiple interpretations of Mark 13:32, but that's another discussion. See my blog:
https://trinitynotes.blogspot.com/2021/05/does-mark-1332-disprove-jesus.html
You then list a number of passages. But you're presupposing they claimed to exactly know the nature of Christ's soon return. I disagree.
Regarding James 5:8-9:
I think James was probably written before 70 AD because it's very Semitic, when the Church wasn't overrun by Gentiles. I don't see how it poses a problem for partial preterism.
Regarding Rev. 1:3; 22:6-7, 10, 20:
For the sake of Simplicity, I'll assume the book was written by John son of Zebedee. The question now is whether Revelation was written before or after 70 AD. See Kenneth Gentry's books in defense of an earlier date. IF the book was written before 70 AD, then I don't see how these passages are problematic for partial preterism. In fact, partial preterists cite them all the time and interpret them literally against futurists. They hammer these passages over and over upon the heads of futurists. See for example the debate book "The Great Tribulation: Past or Future?" between futurist Thomas Ice and preterist Ken Gentry. In that book, Gentry presses those passages over and over again against Ice. However, they would be problematic if Revelation was written after 70 AD. In which case, I'd interpret them in the way Kim Riddlebarger does, in an Idealist and Amillennialist way that thinks there's some truth to partial preterism even if it's not the whole truth.
Here's a video debate between preterist Gary DeMar and futurist Thomas Ice:
The Great Tribulation: Past or Future?
https://youtu.be/jT5OJ1znjmY
Regarding 1 John 2:18; & 1 John 4:3:
Of the verses you gave, these are the closest thing to being [IMO] possibly problematic for PP. Because I suspect First John was written after the fall of Jerusalem. Probably near the end of the 1st century. Therefore, around 25 years afterwards [give or take a few years]. So, some of what I say here would also apply to the book of Revelation if it was written after the fall of Jerusalem. It's not clear (and I doubt) that "the antichrist" mentioned is meant to be the same person as Paul's "man of lawlessness." The many lesser antichrists and the main Antichrist seem to be folks who teach doctrines that contradict the core teaching of the Gospel [e.g. that Christ has come in the flesh]. The writer of 1 John (who may or may not be the son of Zebedee) might have not known or understood that Christ returned in some sense at the destruction of Jerusalem. This wouldn't be problematic even if it were John Zebedee, since it's not uncommon for prophets not to fully understand their own divinely inspired prophecies or the revelations given to them [cf. Dan. 8:15-16, 26; 12:4, 9].
Nothing in these passages in 1 John dogmatically teach Jesus would return in their lifetimes. However, to be fair, they do give the impression that some dramatic occurrence and climatic event would soon happen at the time of the writing of the letter. That's why it does pose some degree of a problem.
One way to get around it is to just say the writer was right in what he said, but mistaken in his meaning in what he said. I'm of the opinion that Scripture is inspired such that the intended meaning of the author doesn't always line up with the sensus plenior [i.e. "fuller meaning/sense"] that God intended for future generations. There can be multiple deeper meanings of Scripture. That's why I reject the historical-grammatical method of interpretation WHEN it is defined in such a way as to exclude other fuller meanings. I think interpretations based on the historical-grammatical method are the primary meanings of Scripture to which all other secondary and tertiary meanings are to be grounded. But I deny that interpretations based *Only* on the historical-grammatical method are the only ones which are legitimate. The NT authors themselves didn't limit themselves to what we would call later call the historical-grammatical method in their interpretation of the OT.
Given those qualifications, I think an idealist interpretation similar to Amillennialists' interpretation can resolve the problem. The writer knows, based on previous prophecies, that Jesus' return was imminent, he just didn't know that the initial phase already happened. So, the Holy Spirit used his mistaken notions to inspire a passage of Scripture (that isn't technically wrong by its exact literal wording) to keep future generation always vigilant regarding either Jesus' return or their inevitable death [whichever takes place first] in whichever generation they might live in prior to Christ's eschatological return.
Though it's doubtful in my opinion, another possibility is that 1 John was written before 70 AD. That would dissipate the problem. A minority of scholars think every (or virtually all) NT book was written prior to 70 AD. For example, John A.T. Robinson. See his book "Redating the New Testament" HERE. While logically possible, it's too facile an answer that it would be a sign of desperation to appeal to it having been written before 70 AD as a first option.
I'm no expert on partial preterism, but with my limited knowledge, I don't see any of the above passages you listed as seriously problematic for PP. By just citing or quoting them, the problem or discrepancy/contradiction hasn't been made explicit to me. I would need some kind of argument. So, I don't see any direct discrepancy between PP and the above passages. Maybe you're not fully aware what PP teaches that you think they would be problematic. Though, for all I know, you know more about PP than I do.
It seems to me that before you can say that your "strongest argument against Christianity" succeeds, you need to:
1. refute Amillennial interpretations like that found among folks like Kim Riddlebarger;
2. refute full preterism,
3. refute partial preterism in its normative forms as found in folks like Ken Gentry and Gary DeMar;
4. refute aspects of non-normative preterists views like Ernest Hampden-Cook who believed Jesus returned in a kind of secret 2nd Advent yet also believed in a future judgment of Christ and so isn't a full preterist. EHC argues for a kind of secret rapture for a select worthy group based on Jesus' statement that He would come "like a thief" (Rev. 16:15; cf. Matt. 24:43; Luke 12:39; 1 Thes. 5:2-4; 2 Pet. 3:10].
5. numbers 2-4 coupled with Postmillennialism
There are more options that you'd also have to refute [e.g. Dispensational Premillennial options; Historic Premillennial options, etc.]. But the ones I've listed and numbered above are the ones I think most plausible. Until you've refuted all those options I've listed and their various permutations, I can't see how your "strongest argument against Christianity" even gets off the ground. Your argument seems to me to be a case of trying to build a house of cards using paper thin colorful coupons rather than numbered stiff playing cards. You're premises aren't strong enough to support your case because you treat the relevant Biblical statements like mathematical formulas when they are actually closer to poetry.
Finally, while I believe in Biblical inerrancy, the truth of Christianity doesn't hinge on the truth of inerrancy. In which case, there can be inaccurate or imprecise [or even erroneous] statements and prophecies in the Bible and yet Christianity could still be true. Nor does the truth of Christianity hinge on knowing/having the correct OT and/or NT canon. Maybe some books that are in the canon shouldn't be among those included. Including books that might appear to have false prophecies. Even famous atheist skeptic John Loftus who has written many books arguing for the falsity of Christianity admits [on multiple occasions] that Christianity could still be true despite all he [thinks he] knows in various fields. And despite all his degrees. Including his knowledge of the alleged errors in the Bible. Though, he thinks that that possibility of Christianity being true is very, very, very unlikely.
My general responses above will apply to any further passages that Floyd Fp would bring up, so I'm not sure there would be any point in my continuing to address any more problematic passages. I'm no expert in partial preterism, so I've pretty much shot my best shot. My defense for other passages isn't going to be very different. Either people [including Floyd Pf] accepts my resolutions or not. Even if they don't work, it shouldn't automatically weaken the faith of other Christians because other better apologists will have better and different responses. I'm just an amateur apologist. My comments above are my preferred [though not only] responses based on my limited understanding of the Bible and scholarship.
See also the following resources:
Among the better defenses of partial preterism from an Evangelical point of view, I HIGHLY RECOMMEND Kenneth Gentry's books, audios and videos. I also think that postmillennialism fits very well with partial preterism, and that they mutually support each other.
For a good introduction to partial preterism watch R.C. Sproul's freely available lecture series "The Last Days According to Jesus" linked below, or read his book with the same title.
The Last Days According to Jesus by R.C. Sproul [highly recommended intro]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n22MRa0P6_I&list=PL30acyfm60fWm9jA8LNRnYizJj5VEduus
See also the classic books in defense of preterism freely available here:
The Destruction of Jerusalem: An Absolute and Irresistible Proof of the Divine Origin of Christianity by George Peter Holford
https://archive.org/details/destructionofjer00holf
OR here:
https://archive.org/details/thedestructionofjerusalemin70adbyromanswrittenin1805georgepeterholford
OR here:
https://www.bible.ca/pre-destruction70AD-george-holford-1805AD.htm
The Parousia by James Stuart Russell
https://archive.org/details/parousiaacritic00russgoog
The Christ Has Come by E. Hampden-Cook
https://books.google.com/books?id=ThRUAAAAYAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
Hampden-Cook's book argues for full preterism, and Russell's nearly does so. But I recommend them nevertheless because much of what they contain can be used to support partial preterism and weaken the objection that Jesus was a failed prophet.
Refuting the errors and heresy of Full Preterism:
Read and listen to Ken Gentry's and Sam Frost's critiques of full preterism. Frost himself was once a full preterist.
Why I Left Full Preterism by Sam Frost
When Shall These Things Be?: A Reformed Response to Hyper-Preterism by Keith Mathison and other authors
Have We Missed the Second Coming?: A Critique of the Hyper-preterist Error by Kenneth Gentry
The Identification Of Babylon The Harlot In The Book Of Revelation by D. Ragan Ewing
The [book of] Revelation Sermons Preached by Phil Kayser
https://revelation.biblicalblueprints.org/sermons
Resources on Postmillennialism:
AN EXEGETICAL DEFENSE OF POSTMILLENNIALISM FROM I CORINTHIANS 15:24-26: The Eschatology of the DIXIT DOMINUS by Gregg Strawbridge
https://www.wordmp3.com/files/gs/postmill.htm
He Shall Have Dominion by Kenneth Gentry freely online here:
https://www.garynorth.com/freebooks/docs/2202_47e.htm
Greg Bahnsen series "Why I Am A Postmillennialist"
https://www.sermonaudio.com/search.asp?sourceOnly=true&currSection=sermonssource&keyword=thebahnsenproject&subsetcat=series&subsetitem=Why+I+am+Postmillennialist
An Eschatology of Optimism by Greg Bahnsen
https://www.sermonaudio.com/search.asp?sourceOnly=true&currSection=sermonssource&keyword=thebahnsenproject&subsetcat=series&subsetitem=An+Eschatology+of+Optimism
Postmillennialism and Pessimistic Passages
https://www.sermonaudio.com/search.asp?sourceOnly=true&currSection=sermonssource&keyword=thebahnsenproject&subsetcat=series&subsetitem=Postmill%26Pessimistic+Passages
More freely available Greg Bahnsen lectures on numerous topics including postmillennialism at Covenant Media Foundation www.cmfnow.com
See also my related blogs:
Greg Bahnsen Lectures and Sermons on Eschatology and Postmillennialism
https://misclane.blogspot.com/2021/12/greg-bahnsen-lectures-and-sermons-on.html
An Orthodox Jew Questions Two Comings of the Messiah Answered by Dr. Michael Brown
https://misclane.blogspot.com/2021/08/an-orthodox-jew-questions-two-comings.html
Daniel 9:24 Fulfilled
https://misclane.blogspot.com/2016/01/daniel-924-fulfilled.html
Why Isn't the Bible Clearer?
https://misclane.blogspot.com/2021/07/why-isnt-bible-clearer.html
Why I'm Provisionally a Postmillennialist Succinctly Stated
https://misclane.blogspot.com/2017/05/why-im-provisionally-postmillennialist.html
Two Weaknesses of Amillennialism
https://gospelmeals.blogspot.com/2020/10/two-weaknesses-of-amillennialism.html
The following is the 18th century classic by Christian scholar and theologian John Gill:
The Prophecies of the Old Testament, Respecting Messiah, Considered; and Proved to be Literally Fulfilled in Jesus, Containing An Answer to the Objections of the Author of the Scheme of Literal Prophecy.
Rabbis Who Thought For Themselves Part ONE
http://www.messianicjudaism.me/yinon/2011/11/02/rabbis-who-thought-for-themselves/
Rabbis Who Thought For Themselves Part TWO
http://www.messianicjudaism.me/yinon/2011/12/01/rabbis-who-thought-for-themselves-part-ii/
The Jewish Life of Christ by Arnold Fruchtenbaum [21 lectures in mp3]
https://www.deanbibleministries.org/bible-class-listing/messages/series/the-jewish-life-of-christ
Michael L. Brown's introductory responses to Jewish Objection to Jesus [32 Youtube Videos]:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D7oY5wh5KEc&list=PLOSesbHxQr2Ta7WjFBut_bjLRWwMSYepK&index=2
Useful Books in Defense of Jesus' Genuine Messiahship:
Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament by G. K. Beale (Editor), D. A. Carson
Answering Jewish Objections to Jesus (5 volumes) by Michael L. Brown
The Real Kosher Jesus by Michael L. Brown
Jewish New Testament Commentary by David H. Stern
Messianic Judaism: A Modern Movement with an Ancient Past by David H. Stern
Jesus the Messiah: Tracing the Promises, Expectations, and Coming of Israel's King by Herbert Bateman IV, Gordon Johnston and Darrell Bock
The Messiah in the Old Testament by Walter C. Kaiser
Messianic Christology by Arnold G. Fruchtenbaum
Footsteps of the Messiah by Arnold G. Fruchtenbaum
Are You the One Who Is to Come?: The Historical Jesus and the Messianic Question by Michael F. Bird
The Messianic Hope: Is the Hebrew Bible Really Messianic? by Michael Rydelnik
Behold Your King: Prophetic Proofs that Jesus is the Messiah by William Webster
Return of the Kosher Pig by Itzhak Shapira
The Gospel According to Isaiah 53: Encountering the Suffering Servant in Jewish and Christian Theology by Darrell Bock (editor) and Mitch Glaser (editor)
All the Messianic Prophecies of the Bible by Herbert Lockyer
The Prophecies of the Old Testament Respecting the Messiah by John Gill (written in the 18th century)
The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah by Alfred Edersheim (the original written in the 19th century and which is now in the public domain)
Messiah in Both Testaments by Fred John Meldau (introductory material on the subject)
Christology of the Old Testament by E.W. Hengstenberg (written in the 18th century)
Three Views on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament (Counterpoints: Bible and Theology)
Knowing Jesus Through the Old Testament Christopher J. H. Wright
A Zeal For God Not According to Knowledge: A Refutation of Judaism's Arguments Against Christianity, 2nd Edition by Eric V. Snow
Christ in All the Scriptures by A.M. Hodgkin (originally published 1922)
[Recommended by Steve Hays]
The Servant King: The Bible's portrait of the Messiah by T. D. Alexander and Alec Motyer
Look to the Rock: An Old Testament Background to Our Understanding of Christ by Alec Motyer
The Christ of the Prophets by O. Palmer Robertson
The Messianic Hope: Is the Hebrew Bible Really Messianic? (NAC Studies in Bible & Theology) by Michael Rydelnik
The Moody Handbook of Messianic Prophecy: Studies and Expositions of the Messiah in the Old Testament by Michael Rydelnik (Editor), Edwin Blum (Editor)
The Meaning of the Pentateuch: Revelation, Composition and Interpretation by John H. Sailhamer
Refuting Rabbinic Objections to Christianity & Messianic Prophecies by Eitan Bar
How the New Testament Quotes the Old Testament by Messianic Jew Arnold Fruchtenbaum
http://arielb.org/archives/794
//Literal Prophecy Plus Literal Fulfillment: Pshat
The first category is known as “literal prophecy plus literal fulfillment,” reflecting the rabbinic pshat, which refers to the simple meaning of the text. The example of this first category is found in Matthew 2:5 6.//
//Literal Plus Typical: Remez
The second category of quotations can be labeled “literal plus typical.” In rabbinic theology it was known are remez or “hint.” An example of this category is found in Matthew 2:15.//
//Literal Plus Application: Drash
The third category is “literal plus application,” correlating with the rabbinic drash. The example of this category is Matthew 2:17 18.//
//Summation: Sod
The fourth category is “summation” or “summary.” The meaning of sod is “secret” or “mystery” or “something unknown.” The example of the fourth category is found in Matthew 2:23.//
Pardes (Jewish exegesis) [wikipedia article]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pardes_(Jewish_exegesis)
Is the Story of Jesus Stolen From the Old Testament?
An Orthodox Jew Questions Two Comings of the Messiah
https://youtu.be/kxOJhTf-KJ8
Messianic Jew Eitan Bar Debates [non-Mesianic] Rabbi Haim Shitrit in Hebrew.
Prophecy |
Fulfillment |
| 1. Gen. 3:15 | Seed of a woman (virgin birth) | Galatians 4:4-5, Matthew 1:18 |
| 2. Gen. 3:15 | He will bruise Satan's head | Hebrews 2:14, 1John 3:8 |
| 3. Gen. 3:15 | Christ's heel would be bruised with nails on the cross | Matthew 27:35, Luke 24:39-40 |
| 4. Gen. 5:24 | The bodily ascension to heaven illustrated | Mark 16:19 |
| 5. Gen. 9:26, 27 | The God of Shem will be the Son of Shem | Luke 3:36 |
| 6. Gen. 12:3 | Seed of Abraham will bless all nations | Galatians 3:8, Acts 3:25, 26 |
| 7. Gen. 12:7 | The Promise made to Abraham's Seed | Galatians 3:16 |
| 8. Gen. 14:18 | A priest after the order of Melchizedek | Hebrews 6:20 |
| 9. Gen. 14:18 | King of Peace and Righteousness | Hebrews 7:2 |
| 10. Gen. 14:18 | The Last Supper foreshadowed | Matthew 26:26-29 |
| 11. Gen. 17:19 | Seed of Isaac (Gen. 21:12) | Romans 9:7 |
| 12. Gen. 22:8 | The Lamb of God promised | John 1:29 |
| 13. Gen. 22:18 | As Isaac's seed, will bless all nations | Galatians 3:16 |
| 14. Gen. 26:2-5 | The Seed of Isaac promised as the Redeemer | Hebrews 11:18 |
| 15. Gen. 28:12 | The Bridge to heaven | John 1:51 |
| 16. Gen. 28:14 | The Seed of Jacob | Luke 3:34 |
| 17. Gen. 49:10 | The time of His coming | Luke 2:1-7; Galatians 4:4 |
| 18. Gen. 49:10 | The Seed of Judah | Luke 3:33 |
| 19. Gen. 49:10 | Called Shiloh or One Sent | John 17:3 |
| 20. Gen. 49:10 | Messiah to come before Judah lost identity | John 11:47-52 |
| 21. Gen. 49:10 | Unto Him shall the obedience of the people be | John 10:16 |
| 22. Ex. 3:13-15 | The Great "I AM" | John 4:26, 8:58 |
| 23. Ex. 12:5 | A Lamb without blemish | Hebrews 9:14; 1Peter 1:19 |
| 24. Ex. 12:13 | The blood of the Lamb saves from wrath | Romans 5:8 |
| 25. Ex. 12:21-27 | Christ is our Passover | 1Corinthians 5:7 |
| 26. Ex. 12:46 | Not a bone of the Lamb to be broken | John 19:31-36 |
| 27. Ex. 15:2 | His exaltation predicted as Yeshua | Acts 7:55, 56 |
| 28. Ex. 15:11 | His Character-Holiness | Luke 1:35; Acts 4:27 |
| 29. Ex. 17:6 | The Spiritual Rock of Israel | 1Corinthians 10:4 |
| 30. Ex. 33:19 | His Character-Merciful | Luke 1:72 |
| 31. Lev. 1:2-9 | His sacrifice a sweet smelling savor unto God | Ephesians 5:2 |
| 32. Lev. 14:11 | The leper cleansed-Sign to priesthood | Luke 5:12-14; Acts 6:7 |
| 33. Lev. 16:15-17 | Prefigures Christ's once-for-all death | Hebrews 9:7-14 |
| 34. Lev. 16:27 | Suffering outside the Camp | Matthew 27:33; Heb. 13:11, 12 |
| 35. Lev. 17:11 | The Blood-the life of the flesh | Matthew 26:28; Mark 10:45 |
| 36. Lev. 17:11 | It is the blood that makes atonement | Rom. 3:23-24; 1John 1:7 |
| 37. Lev. 23:36-37 | The Drink-offering: "If any man thirst" | John 7:37 |
| 38. Num. 9:12 | Not a bone of Him broken | John 19:31-36 |
| 39. Num. 21:9 | The serpent on a pole-Christ lifted up | John 3:14-18, 12:32 |
| 40. Num. 24:17 | Time: "I shall see him, but not now." | John 1:14; Galatians 4:4 |
| 41. Deut. 18:15 | "This is of a truth that prophet." | John 6:14 |
| 42. Deut. 18:15-16 | "Had ye believed Moses, ye would believe me." | John 5:45-47 |
| 43. Deut. 18:18 | Sent by the Father to speak His word | John 8:28, 29 |
| 44. Deut. 18:19 | Whoever will not hear must bear his sin | Acts 3:22-23 |
| 45. Deut. 21:23 | Cursed is he that hangs on a tree | Galatians 3:10-13 |
| 46. Joshua 5:14-15 | The Captain of our salvation | Hebrews 2:10 |
| 47. Ruth 4:4-10 | Christ, our kinsman, has redeemed us | Ephesians 1:3-7 |
| 48. 1 Sam. 2:35 | A Faithful Priest | Heb. 2:17, 3:1-3, 6, 7:24-25 |
| 49. 1 Sam. 2:10 | Shall be an anointed King to the Lord | Mt. 28:18, John 12:15 |
| 50. 2 Sam. 7:12 | David's Seed | Matthew 1:1 |
| 51. 2 Sam. 7:13 | His Kingdom is everlasting | 2Peter 1:11 |
| 52. 2 Sam. 7:14a | The Son of God | Luke 1:32, Romans 1:3-4 |
| 53. 2 Sam. 7:16 | David's house established forever | Luke 3:31; Rev. 22:16 |
| 54. 2 Ki. 2:11 | The bodily ascension to heaven illustrated | Luke 24:51 |
| 55. 1 Chr. 17:11 | David's Seed | Matthew 1:1, 9:27 |
| 56. 1 Chr. 17:12-13 | To reign on David's throne forever | Luke 1:32, 33 |
| 57. 1 Chr. 17:13 | "I will be His Father, He...my Son." | Hebrews 1:5 |
| 58. Job 9:32-33 | Mediator between man and God | 1 Timothy 2:5 |
| 59. Job 19:23-27 | The Resurrection predicted | John 5:24-29 |
| 60. Psa. 2:1-3 | The enmity of kings foreordained | Acts 4:25-28 |
| 61. Psa. 2:2 | To own the title, Anointed (Christ) | John 1:41, Acts 2:36 |
| 62. Psa. 2:6 | His Character-Holiness | John 8:46; Revelation 3:7 |
| 63. Psa. 2:6 | To own the title King | Matthew 2:2 |
| 64. Psa. 2:7 | Declared the Beloved Son | Matthew 3:17, Romans 1:4 |
| 65. Psa. 2:7, 8 | The Crucifixion and Resurrection intimated | Acts 13:29-33 |
| 66. Psa. 2:8, 9 | Rule the nations with a rod of iron | Rev. 2:27, 12:5, 19:15 |
| 67. Psa. 2:12 | Life comes through faith in Him | John 20:31 |
| 68. Psa. 8:2 | The mouths of babes perfect His praise | Matthew 21:16 |
| 69. Psa. 8:5, 6 | His humiliation and exaltation | Hebrews 2:5-9 |
| 70. Psa. 9:7-10 | Judge the world in righteousness | Acts 17:31 |
| 71. Psa. 16:10 | Was not to see corruption | Acts 2:31, 13:35 |
| 72. Psa. 16:9-11 | Was to arise from the dead | John 20:9 |
| 73. Psa. 17:15 | The resurrection predicted | Luke 24:6 |
| 74. Psa. 18:2-3 | The horn of salvation | Luke 1:69-71 |
| 75. Psa. 22:1 | Forsaken because of sins of others | 2 Corinthians 5:21 |
| 76. Psa. 22:1 | "My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?" | Matthew 27:46 |
| 77. Psa. 22:2 | Darkness upon Calvary for three hours | Matthew 27:45 |
| 78. Psa. 22:7 | They shoot out the lip and shake the head | Matthew 27:39-44 |
| 79. Psa. 22:8 | "He trusted in God, let Him deliver Him" | Matthew 27:43 |
| 80. Psa. 22:9-10 | Born the Saviour | Luke 2:7 |
| 81. Psa. 22:12-13 | They seek His death | John 19:6 |
| 82. Psa. 22:14 | His blood poured out when they pierced His side | John 19:34 |
| 83. Psa. 22:14, 15 | Suffered agony on Calvary | Mark 15:34-37 |
| 84. Psa. 22:15 | He thirsted | John 19:28 |
| 85. Psa. 22:16 | They pierced His hands and His feet | John 19:34, 37; 20:27 |
| 86. Psa. 22:17, 18 | Stripped Him before the stares of men | Luke 23:34, 35 |
| 87. Psa. 22:18 | They parted His garments | John 19:23, 24 |
| 88. Psa. 22:20, 21 | He committed Himself to God | Luke 23:46 |
| 89. Psa. 22:20, 21 | Satanic power bruising the Redeemer's heel | Hebrews 2:14 |
| 90. Psa. 22:22 | His Resurrection declared | John 20:17 |
| 91. Psa. 22:27-28 | He shall be the governor of the nations | Colossians 1:16 |
| 92. Psa. 22:31 | "It is finished" | John 19:30, Heb. 10:10, 12, 14, 18 |
| 93. Psa. 23:1 | "I am the Good Shepherd" | John 10:11, 1Peter 2:25 |
| 94. Psa. 24:3 | His exaltation predicted | Acts 1:11; Philippians 2:9 |
| 95. Psa. 30:3 | His resurrection predicted | Acts 2:32 |
| 96. Psa. 31:5 | "Into thy hands I commit my spirit" | Luke 23:46 |
| 97. Psa. 31:11 | His acquaintances fled from Him | Mark 14:50 |
| 98. Psa. 31:13 | They took counsel to put Him to death | Mt. 27:1, John 11:53 |
| 99. Psa. 31:14, 15 | "He trusted in God, let Him deliver him" | Matthew 27:43 |
| 100. Psa. 34:20 | Not a bone of Him broken | John 19:31-36 |
| 101. Psa. 35:11 | False witnesses rose up against Him | Matthew 26:59 |
| 102. Psa. 35:19 | He was hated without a cause | John 15:25 |
| 103. Psa. 38:11 | His friends stood afar off | Luke 23:49 |
| 104. Psa. 38:12 | Enemies try to entangle Him by craft | Mark 14:1, Mt. 22:15 |
| 105. Psa. 38:12-13 | Silent before His accusers | Matthew 27:12-14 |
| 106. Psa. 38:20 | He went about doing good | Acts 10:38 |
| 107. Psa. 40:2-5 | The joy of His resurrection predicted | John 20:20 |
| 108. Psa. 40:6-8 | His delight-the will of the Father | John 4:34, Heb. 10:5-10 |
| 109. Psa. 40:9 | He was to preach the Righteousness in Israel | Matthew 4:17 |
| 110. Psa. 40:14 | Confronted by adversaries in the Garden | John 18:4-6 |
| 111. Psa. 41:9 | Betrayed by a familiar friend | John 13:18 |
| 112. Psa. 45:2 | Words of Grace come from His lips | John 1:17, Luke 4:22 |
| 113. Psa. 45:6 | To own the title, God or Elohim | Hebrews 1:8 |
| 114. Psa. 45:7 | A special anointing by the Holy Spirit | Mt. 3:16; Heb. 1:9 |
| 115. Psa. 45:7, 8 | Called the Christ (Messiah or Anointed) | Luke 2:11 |
| 116. Psa. 45:17 | His name remembered forever | Ephesians 1:20-21, Heb. 1:8 |
| 117. Psa. 55:12-14 | Betrayed by a friend, not an enemy | John 13:18 |
| 118. Psa. 55:15 | Unrepentant death of the Betrayer | Matthew 27:3-5; Acts 1:16-19 |
| 119. Psa. 68:18 | To give gifts to men | Ephesians 4:7-16 |
| 120. Psa. 68:18 | Ascended into Heaven | Luke 24:51 |
| 121. Psa. 69:4 | Hated without a cause | John 15:25 |
| 122. Psa. 69:8 | A stranger to own brethren | John 1:11, 7:5 |
| 123. Psa. 69:9 | Zealous for the Lord's House | John 2:17 |
| 124. Psa. 69:14-20 | Messiah's anguish of soul before crucifixion | Matthew 26:36-45 |
| 125. Psa. 69:20 | "My soul is exceeding sorrowful." | Matthew 26:38 |
| 126. Psa. 69:21 | Given vinegar in thirst | Matthew 27:34 |
| 127. Psa. 69:26 | The Saviour given and smitten by God | John 17:4; 18:11 |
| 128. Psa. 72:10, 11 | Great persons were to visit Him | Matthew 2:1-11 |
| 129. Psa. 72:16 | The corn of wheat to fall into the Ground | John 12:24-25 |
| 130. Psa. 72:17 | Belief on His name will produce offspring | John 1:12, 13 |
| 131. Psa. 72:17 | All nations shall be blessed by Him | Galatians 3:8 |
| 132. Psa. 72:17 | All nations shall call Him blessed | John 12:13, Rev. 5:8-12 |
| 133. Psa. 78:1-2 | He would teach in parables | Matthew 13:34-35 |
| 134. Psa. 78:2b | To speak the Wisdom of God with authority | Matthew 7:29 |
| 135. Psa. 80:17 | The Man of God's right hand | Mark 14:61-62 |
| 136. Psa. 88 | The Suffering and Reproach of Calvary | Matthew 27:26-50 |
| 137. Psa. 88:8 | They stood afar off and watched | Luke 23:49 |
| 138. Psa. 89:27 | Firstborn | Colossians 1:15, 18 |
| 139. Psa. 89:27 | Emmanuel to be higher than earthly kings | Luke 1:32, 33 |
| 140. Psa. 89:35-37 | David's Seed, throne, kingdom endure forever | Luke 1:32, 33 |
| 141. Psa. 89:36-37 | His character-Faithfulness | Revelation 1:5, 19:11 |
| 142. Psa. 90:2 | He is from everlasting (Micah 5:2) | John 1:1 |
| 143. Psa. 91:11, 12 | Identified as Messianic; used to tempt Christ | Luke 4:10, 11 |
| 144. Psa. 97:9 | His exaltation predicted | Acts 1:11; Ephesians 1:20 |
| 145. Psa. 100:5 | His character-Goodness | Matthew 19:16, 17 |
| 146. Psa. 102:1-11 | The Suffering and Reproach of Calvary | John 19:16-30 |
| 147. Psa. 102:25-27 | Messiah is the Preexistent Son | Hebrews 1:10-12 |
| 148. Psa. 109:25 | Ridiculed | Matthew 27:39 |
| 149. Psa. 110:1 | Son of David | Matthew 22:42-43 |
| 150. Psa. 110:1 | To ascend to the right-hand of the Father | Mark 16:19 |
| 151. Psa. 110:1 | David's son called Lord | Matthew 22:44, 45 |
| 152. Psa. 110:4 | A priest after Melchizedek's order | Hebrews 6:20 |
| 153. Psa. 112:4 | His character-Compassionate, Gracious, et al | Matthew 9:36 |
| 154. Psa. 118:17, 18 | Messiah's Resurrection assured | Luke 24:5-7; 1Cor. 15:20 |
| 155. Psa. 118:22, 23 | The rejected stone is Head of the corner | Matthew 21:42, 43 |
| 156. Psa. 118:26a | The Blessed One presented to Israel | Matthew 21:9 |
| 157. Psa. 118:26b | To come while Temple standing | Matthew 21:12-15 |
| 158. Psa. 132:11 | The Seed of David (the fruit of His Body) | Luke 1:32, Act 2:30 |
| 159. Psa. 129:3 | He was scourged | Matthew 27:26 |
| 160. Psa. 138:1-6 | The supremacy of David's Seed amazes kings | Matthew 2:2-6 |
| 161. Psa. 147:3, 6 | The earthly ministry of Christ described | Luke 4:18 |
| 162. Prov. 1:23 | He will send the Spirit of God | John 16:7 |
| 163. Prov. 8:23 | Foreordained from everlasting | Rev. 13:8, 1Peter 1:19-20 |
| 164. Song. 5:16 | The altogether lovely One | John 1:17 |
| 165. Isa. 2:3 | He shall teach all nations | John 4:25 |
| 166. Isa. 2:4 | He shall judge among the nations | John 5:22 |
| 167. Isa. 6:1 | When Isaiah saw His glory | John 12:40-41 |
| 168. Isa. 6:8 | The One Sent by God | John 12:38-45 |
| 169. Isa. 6:9-10 | Parables fall on deaf ears | Matthew 13:13-15 |
| 170. Isa. 6:9-12 | Blinded to Christ and deaf to His words | Acts 28:23-29 |
| 171. Isa. 7:14 | To be born of a virgin | Luke 1:35 |
| 172. Isa. 7:14 | To be Emmanuel-God with us | Matthew 1:18-23, 1Tim. 3:16 |
| 173. Isa. 8:8 | Called Emmanuel | Matthew 28:20 |
| 174. Isa. 8:14 | A stone of stumbling, a Rock of offense | 1Peter 2:8 |
| 175. Isa. 9:1, 2 | His ministry to begin in Galilee | Matthew 4:12-17 |
| 176. Isa. 9:6 | A child born-Humanity | Luke 1:31 |
| 177. Isa. 9:6 | A Son given-Deity | Luke 1:32, John 1:14, 1Tim. 3:16 |
| 178. Isa. 9:6 | Declared to be the Son of God with power | Romans 1:3, 4 |
| 179. Isa. 9:6 | The Wonderful One, Peleh | Luke 4:22 |
| 180. Isa. 9:6 | The Counsellor, Yaatz | Matthew 13:54 |
| 181. Isa. 9:6 | The Mighty God, El Gibor | 1Cor. 1:24, Titus 2:3 |
| 182. Isa. 9:6 | The Everlasting Father, Avi Adth | John 8:58, 10:30 |
| 183. Isa. 9:6 | The Prince of Peace, Sar Shalom | John 16:33 |
| 184. Isa. 9:7 | To establish an everlasting kingdom | Luke 1:32-33 |
| 185. Isa. 9:7 | His Character-Just | John 5:30 |
| 186. Isa. 9:7 | No end to his Government, Throne, and Peace | Luke 1:32-33 |
| 187. Isa. 11:1 | Called a Nazarene-the Branch, Netzer | Matthew 2:23 |
| 188. Isa. 11:1 | A rod out of Jesse-Son of Jesse | Luke 3:23, 32 |
| 189. Isa. 11:2 | Anointed One by the Spirit | Matthew 3:16, 17, Acts 10:38 |
| 190. Isa. 11:2 | His Character-Wisdom, Knowledge, et al | Colossians 2:3 |
| 191. Isa. 11:3 | He would know their thoughts | Luke 6:8, John 2:25 |
| 192. Isa. 11:4 | Judge in righteousness | Acts 17:31 |
| 193. Isa. 11:4 | Judges with the sword of His mouth | Rev. 2:16, 19:11, 15 |
| 194. Isa. 11:5 | Character: Righteous & Faithful | Rev. 19:11 |
| 195. Isa. 11:10 | The Gentiles seek Him | John 12:18-21 |
| 196. Isa. 12:2 | Called Jesus-Yeshua | Matthew 1:21 |
| 197. Isa. 22:22 | The One given all authority to govern | Revelation 3:7 |
| 198. Isa. 25:8 | The Resurrection predicted | 1Corinthians 15:54 |
| 199. Isa. 26:19 | His power of Resurrection predicted | Matthew 27:50-54 |
| 200. Isa. 28:16 | The Messiah is the precious corner stone | Acts 4:11, 12 |
| 201. Isa. 28:16 | The Sure Foundation | 1Corinthians 3:11, Mt. 16:18 |
| 202. Isa. 29:13 | He indicated hypocritical obedience to His Word | Matthew 15:7-9 |
| 203. Isa. 29:14 | The wise are confounded by the Word | 1Corinthians 1:18-31 |
| 204. Isa. 32:2 | A Refuge-A man shall be a hiding place | Matthew 23:37 |
| 205. Isa. 35:4 | He will come and save you | Matthew 1:21 |
| 206. Isa. 35:5-6 | To have a ministry of miracles | Matthew 11:2-6 |
| 207. Isa. 40:3, 4 | Preceded by forerunner | John 1:23 |
| 208. Isa. 40:9 | "Behold your God." | John 1:36; 19:14 |
| 209. Isa. 40:10. | He will come to reward | Revelation 22:12 |
| 210. Isa. 40:11 | A shepherd-compassionate life-giver | John 10:10-18 |
| 2101. Isa. 42:1-4 | The Servant-as a faithful, patient redeemer | Matthew 12:18-21 |
| 212. Isa. 42:2 | Meek and lowly | Matthew 11:28-30 |
| 213. Isa. 42:3 | He brings hope for the hopeless | John 4 |
| 214. Isa. 42:4 | The nations shall wait on His teachings | John 12:20-26 |
| 215. Isa. 42:6 | The Light (salvation) of the Gentiles | Luke 2:32 |
| 216. Isa. 42:1, 6 | His is a worldwide compassion | Matthew 28:19, 20 |
| 217. Isa. 42:7 | Blind eyes opened. | John 9:25-38 |
| 218. Isa. 43:11 | He is the only Saviour. | Acts 4:12 |
| 219. Isa. 44:3 | He will send the Spirit of God | John 16:7, 13 |
| 220. Isa. 45:21-25 | He is Lord and Saviour | Philippians 3:20, Titus 2:13 |
| 221. Isa. 45:23 | He will be the Judge | John 5:22; Romans 14:11 |
| 222. Isa. 46:9, 10 | Declares things not yet done | John 13:19 |
| 223. Isa. 48:12 | The First and the Last | John 1:30, Revelation 1:8, 17 |
| 224. Isa. 48:16, 17 | He came as a Teacher | John 3:2 |
| 225. Isa. 49:1 | Called from the womb-His humanity | Matthew 1:18 |
| 226. Isa. 49:5 | A Servant from the womb. | Luke 1:31, Philippians 2:7 |
| 227. Isa. 49:6 | He will restore Israel | Acts 3:19-21, 15:16-17 |
| 228. Isa. 49:6 | He is Salvation for Israel | Luke 2:29-32 |
| 229. Isa. 49:6 | He is the Light of the Gentiles | John 8:12, Acts 13:47 |
| 230. Isa. 49:6 | He is Salvation unto the ends of the earth | Acts 15:7-18 |
| 231. Isa. 49:7 | He is despised of the Nation | John 1:11, 8:48-49, 19:14-15 |
| 232. Isa. 50:3 | Heaven is clothed in black at His humiliation | Luke 23:44, 45 |
| 233. Isa. 50:4 | He is a learned counselor for the weary | Matthew 7:29, 11:28, 29 |
| 234. Isa. 50:5 | The Servant bound willingly to obedience | Matthew 26:39 |
| 235. Isa. 50:6a | "I gave my back to the smiters." | Matthew 27:26 |
| 236. Isa. 50:6b | He was smitten on the cheeks | Matthew 26:67 |
| 237. Isa. 50:6c | He was spat upon | Matthew 27:30 |
| 238. Isa. 52:7 | Published good tidings upon mountains | Matthew 5:12,15:29,28:16 |
| 239. Isa. 52:13 | The Servant exalted | Acts 1:8-11; Eph. 1:19-22, Php. 2:5-9 |
| 240. Isa. 52:14 | The Servant shockingly abused | Luke 18:31-34; Mt. 26:67, 68 |
| 241. Isa. 52:15 | Nations startled by message of the Servant | Luke 18:31-34; Mt. 26:67, 68 |
| 242. Isa. 52:15 | His blood shed sprinkles nations | Hebrews 9:13-14, Rev. 1:5 |
| 243. Isa. 53:1 | His people would not believe Him | John 12:37-38 |
| 244. Isa. 53:2 | Appearance of an ordinary man | Philippians 2:6-8 |
| 245. Isa. 53:3a | Despised | Luke 4:28-29 |
| 246. Isa. 53:3b | Rejected | Matthew 27:21-23 |
| 247. Isa. 53:3c | Great sorrow and grief | Matthew 26:37-38, Luke 19:41, Heb. 4:15 |
| 248. Isa. 53:3d | Men hide from being associated with Him | Mark 14:50-52 |
| 249. Isa. 53:4a | He would have a healing ministry | Matthew 8:16-17 |
| 250. Isa. 53:4b | Thought to be cursed by God | Matthew 26:66, 27:41-43 |
| 251. Isa. 53:5a | Bears penalty for mankind's iniquities | 2Cor. 5:21, Heb. 2:9 |
| 252. Isa. 53:5b | His sacrifice provides peace between man and God | Colossians 1:20 |
| 253. Isa. 53:5c | His sacrifice would heal man of sin | 1Peter 2:24 |
| 254. Isa. 53:6a | He would be the sin-bearer for all mankind | 1John 2:2, 4:10 |
| 255. Isa. 53:6b | God's will that He bear sin for all mankind | Galatians 1:4 |
| 256. Isa. 53:7a | Oppressed and afflicted | Matthew 27:27-31 |
| 257. Isa. 53:7b | Silent before his accusers | Matthew 27:12-14 |
| 258. Isa. 53:7c | Sacrificial lamb | John 1:29, 1Peter 1:18-19 |
| 259. Isa. 53:8a | Confined and persecuted | Matthew 26:47-27:31 |
| 260. Isa. 53:8b | He would be judged | John 18:13-22 |
| 261. Isa. 53:8c | Killed | Matthew 27:35 |
| 262. Isa. 53:8d | Dies for the sins of the world | 1John 2:2 |
| 263. Isa. 53:9a | Buried in a rich man's grave | Matthew 27:57 |
| 264. Isa. 53:9b | Innocent and had done no violence | Luke 23:41, John 18:38 |
| 265. Isa. 53:9c | No deceit in his mouth | 1Peter 2:22 |
| 266. Isa. 53:10a | God's will that He die for mankind | John 18:11 |
| 267. Isa. 53:10b | An offering for sin | Matthew 20:28, Galatians 3:13 |
| 268. Isa. 53:10c | Resurrected and live forever | Romans 6:9 |
| 269. Isa. 53:10d | He would prosper | John 17:1-5 |
| 270. Isa. 53:11a | God fully satisfied with His suffering | John 12:27 |
| 271. Isa. 53:11b | God's servant would justify man | Romans 5:8-9, 18-19 |
| 272. Isa. 53:11c | The sin-bearer for all mankind | Hebrews 9:28 |
| 273. Isa. 53:12a | Exalted by God because of his sacrifice | Matthew 28:18 |
| 274. Isa. 53:12b | He would give up his life to save mankind | Luke 23:46 |
| 275. Isa. 53:12c | Numbered with the transgressors | Mark 15:27-28 |
| 276. Isa. 53:12d | Sin-bearer for all mankind | 1Peter 2:24 |
| 277. Isa. 53:12e | Intercede to God in behalf of mankind | Luke 23:34, Rom. 8:34 |
| 278. Isa. 55:3 | Resurrected by God | Acts 13:34 |
| 279. Isa. 55:4a | A witness | John 18:37 |
| 280. Isa. 55:4b | He is a leader and commander | Hebrews 2:10 |
| 281. Isa. 55:5 | God would glorify Him | Acts 3:13 |
| 282. Isa. 59:16a | Intercessor between man and God | Matthew 10:32 |
| 283. Isa. 59:16b | He would come to provide salvation | John 6:40 |
| 284. Isa. 59:20 | He would come to Zion as their Redeemer | Luke 2:38 |
| 285. Isa. 60:1-3 | He would shew light to the Gentiles | Acts 26:23 |
| 286. Isa. 61:1a | The Spirit of God upon him | Matthew 3:16-17 |
| 287. Isa. 61:1b | The Messiah would preach the good news | Luke 4:16-21 |
| 288. Isa. 61:1c | Provide freedom from the bondage of sin | John 8:31-36 |
| 289. Isa. 61:1-2a | Proclaim a period of grace | Galatians 4:4-5 |
| 290. Jer. 23:5-6 | Descendant of David | Luke 3:23-31 |
| 291. Jer. 23:5-6 | The Messiah would be both God and Man | John 13:13, 1Ti 3:16 |
| 292. Jer. 31:22 | Born of a virgin | Matthew 1:18-20 |
| 293. Jer. 31:31 | The Messiah would be the new covenant | Matthew 26:28 |
| 294. Jer. 33:14-15 | Descendant of David | Luke 3:23-31 |
| 295. Eze.34:23-24 | Descendant of David | Matthew 1:1 |
| 296. Eze.37:24-25 | Descendant of David | Luke 1:31-33 |
| 297. Dan. 2:44-45 | The Stone that shall break the kingdoms | Matthew 21:44 |
| 298. Dan. 7:13-14a | He would ascend into heaven | Acts 1:9-11 |
| 299. Dan. 7:13-14b | Highly exalted | Ephesians 1:20-22 |
| 300. Dan. 7:13-14c | His dominion would be everlasting | Luke 1:31-33 |
| 301. Dan. 9:24a | To make an end to sins | Galatians 1:3-5 |
| 302. Dan. 9:24a | To make reconciliation for iniquity | Romans 5:10, 2Cor. 5:18-21 |
| 303. Dan. 9:24b | He would be holy | Luke 1:35 |
| 304. Dan. 9:25 | His announcement | John 12:12-13 |
| 305. Dan. 9:26a | Cut off | Matthew 16:21, 21:38-39 |
| 306. Dan. 9:26b | Die for the sins of the world | Hebrews 2:9 |
| 307. Dan. 9:26c | Killed before the destruction of the temple | Matthew 27:50-51 |
| 308. Dan. 10:5-6 | Messiah in a glorified state | Revelation 1:13-16 |
| 309. Hos. 11:1 | He would be called out of Egypt | Matthew 2:15 |
| 310. Hos. 13:14 | He would defeat death | 1Corinthians 15:55-57 |
| 311. Joel 2:32 | Offer salvation to all mankind | Romans 10:9-13 |
| 312. Jonah 1:17 | Death and resurrection of Christ | Matthew 12:40, 16:4 |
| 313. Mic. 5:2a | Born in Bethlehem | Matthew 2:1-6 |
| 314. Mic. 5:2b | Ruler in Israel | Luke 1:33 |
| 315. Mic. 5:2c | From everlasting | John 8:58 |
| 316. Hag. 2:6-9 | He would visit the second Temple | Luke 2:27-32 |
| 317. Hag. 2:23 | Descendant of Zerubbabel | Luke 2:27-32 |
| 318. Zech. 3:8 | God's servant | John 17:4 |
| 319. Zech. 6:12-13 | Priest and King | Hebrews 8:1 |
| 320. Zech. 9:9a | Greeted with rejoicing in Jerusalem | Matthew 21:8-10 |
| 321. Zech. 9:9b | Beheld as King | John 12:12-13 |
| 322. Zech. 9:9c | The Messiah would be just | John 5:30 |
| 323. Zech. 9:9d | The Messiah would bring salvation | Luke 19:10 |
| 324. Zech. 9:9e | The Messiah would be humble | Matthew 11:29 |
| 325. Zech. 9:9f | Presented to Jerusalem riding on a donkey | Matthew 21:6-9 |
| 326. Zech. 10:4 | The cornerstone | Ephesians 2:20 |
| 327. Zech. 11:4-6a | At His coming, Israel to have unfit leaders | Matthew 23:1-4 |
| 328. Zech. 11:4-6b | Rejection causes God to remove His protection | Luke 19:41-44 |
| 329. Zech. 11:4-6c | Rejected in favor of another king | John 19:13-15 |
| 330. Zech. 11:7 | Ministry to "poor," the believing remnant | Matthew 9:35-36 |
| 331. Zech. 11:8a | Unbelief forces Messiah to reject them | Matthew 23:33 |
| 332. Zech. 11:8b | Despised | Matthew 27:20 |
| 333. Zech. 11:9 | Stops ministering to those who rejected Him | Matthew 13:10-11 |
| 334. Zech. 11:10-11a | Rejection causes God to remove protection | Luke 19:41-44 |
| 335. Zech. 11:10-11b | The Messiah would be God | John 14:7 |
| 336. Zech. 11:12-13a | Betrayed for thirty pieces of silver | Matthew 26:14-15 |
| 337. Zech. 11:12-13b | Rejected | Matthew 26:14-15 |
| 338. Zech. 11:12-13c | Thirty pieces of silver cast in the house of the Lord | Matthew 27:3-5 |
| 339. Zech. 11:12-13d | The Messiah would be God | John 12:45 |
| 340. Zech. 12:10a | The Messiah's body would be pierced | John 19:34-37 |
| 341. Zech. 12:10b | The Messiah would be both God and man | John 10:30 |
| 342. Zech. 12:10c | The Messiah would be rejected | John 1:11 |
| 343. Zech. 13:7a | God's will He die for mankind | John 18:11 |
| 344. Zech. 13:7b | A violent death | Mark 14:27 |
| 345. Zech. 13:7c | Both God and man | John 14:9 |
| 346. Zech. 13:7d | Israel scattered as a result of rejecting Him | Matthew 26:31-56 |
| 347. Zech. 14:4 | He would return to the Mt. of Olives | Acts 1:11-12 |
| 348. Mal. 3:1a | Messenger to prepare the way for Messiah | Mark 1:1-8 |
| 349. Mal. 3:1b | Sudden appearance at the temple | Mark 11:15-16 |
| 350. Mal. 3:1c | Messenger of the new covenant | Luke 4:43 |
| 351. Mal. 3:6 | The God who changes not | Hebrews 13:8 |
| 352. Mal. 4:5 | Forerunner in spirit of Elijah | Mt. 3:1-3, 11:10-14, 17:11-13 |
| 353. Mal. 4:6 | Forerunner would turn many to righteousness | Luke 1:16-17 |